NFκB is not induced by VEGF. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of p65 (NFκB subunit) in unstimulated (I), TNF-–treated (II), or VEGF-treated (III) HUVEC. TNF- (100 U/mL) and VEGF (1.25 nmol/L) were added for 1 hour before cell fixation. Scale bar, 25 μmol/L. (B) Electophoretic mobility shift assay with oligonucleotides containing the NFκB recognition sites from the TF and Ig promoters. Nuclear extracts were prepared from unstimulated HUVEC and cells induced for 1 hour with VEGF (1.25 nmol/L) or TNF- (100 U/mL). These data are representative of three experiments performed with similar results.