(#) Randomization was stratified according to treatment center and three disease categories. (§) Inhalation prophylaxis was scheduled to begin before the onset of neutropenia at a dose of 2 × 10 mg aerosol AmB daily until one of four observation endpoints was reached: (1) recovery of neutropenia to greater than 1.0/nL for more than 2 consecutive days; (2) day +50 after randomization in patients without recovery of the neutrophil count to greater than 1.0/nL; (3) stable neutrophil counts for at least 1 week in patients without neutropenia less than 0.5/nL; or (4) death during the trial period. IA = proven, probable, or possible IA.