Southern blot analysis for the AAV vector-transduced rhesus lymphocytes with XbaI and NotI (A). Ten micrograms of DNA from transduced lymphocytes was digested withXbaI or NotI, separated on agarose gels, and transferred to nylon membranes followed by hybridization with theneo DNA probe. In RQ854, besides the single-strand DNA (ssDNA) band around 1.6 kb, the double-strand DNA (dsDNA) bands were detected, which were released by digestion with XbaI (4.3 kb, lane 5) and with NotI (1.0 kb, lane 10). Another band of 4.6 kb withNotI (lane 10) is consistent with a head-to-tail concatamer form of the vector. (B) The hypothesis of AAV vector conversion to a head-to-tail concatemer. This Southern blot is consistent with the hypothesis.