Fig. 4.
Production of γ-carboxylated protein S by human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs).
Conditioned media collected from 90% confluent HVSMC cultures maintained in either control (C), warfarin (1 μg/mL) (W), or vitamin K (1 μg/mL) (K) for 72 hours were subjected to barium citrate precipitation as described in “Materials and methods.” Aliquots from total unprecipitated (T), barium citrate precipitated (P), and nonprecipitable supernatant fractions (S) were analyzed by Western blotting using an anti-protein S polyclonal antibody. Protein S (1 ng) (pS) was used as a control.