Effect of α-tocopherol and DPPD pretreatment on oxidized LDL induction of tissue factor mRNA and protein.

Tissue factor (A) mRNA by Northern blot at 90 minutes and (B) total cellular protein by Western blot at 4 hours was assessed after the addition of oxidized LDL at 100 μg protein/mL to plates of (A) rat or (B) human aortic smooth muscle cells. Cells were pretreated with either α-tocopherol (25 μmol/L) or DPPD (1 μmol/L) for 24 hours before the addition of oxidized LDL. GAPDH was assessed as an internal control to confirm equal loading in each lane for Northern blot analysis.