Leukemic cell survival is sustained by IL-3 and GM-CSF.

Purified tumor cells were cultured for 72 hours in the presence of the indicated cytokines. The percentage of viable cells was measured by flow cytometric analysis after an Annexin V/PI staining of dead cells. Mean values ± SD of results obtained with the cells from 5 patients are shown. A significant (*P < .05, Wilcoxon test) increase of cell survival was observed in the presence of IL-3 or GM-CSF.