CCR7 and CD45RA expression on HLA-E tetramer–positive cells. PBMCs directly isolated from 5 HAM/TSP patients, 5 asymptomatic HTLV-1 carriers, and 5 healthy controls were stained by HLA-E tetramer, CD3, CCR7, and CD45RA mAbs. A representative experiment from one HAM/TSP patient is shown. (A) Cell surface marker analysis of HLA-E tetramer–positive cells with CCR7-FITC mAb. (B) Dot plots show expression of CCR7 and CD45RA in CD3⁺ cells that were HLA-E tetramer positive.