Effect of exogenous p97 on cell migration and plasminolytic activity. HMEC-1 (A) and SK-MEL-28 (B) cell migration was performed using modified Boyden chambers as described in “Materials and methods.” Cells that had migrated in the presence or absence of p97 (100 nM) to the lower surface of the filters were fixed and stained with crystal violet. Photos (orginial magnification, × 100) obtained from a representative experiment are shown. (C) Cells that had migrated were also counted and expressed as a percentage of the control cells, measured in the absence of p97 (n = 4 for HMEC-1; n = 3 for SK-MEL28). Data represent means ± SDs. ***P < .01 (student t test).