Engineering, rescue, and characterization of MV-NIS. (A) Schematic representation of the genomes of MV-Edm and MV-NIS. hNIS was cloned as an additional transcription unit downstream of the hemagglutinin gene, H, using Mlu1 and Aat II. (B) One-step growth curves for MV-Edm and MV-NIS. Cloning of hNIS does not interfere with virus replication. (C) Myeloma cells infected with MV-NIS at an MOI of 0.02 express NIS and concentrate radioiodine. The data were obtained 48 hours after infection. Iodide uptake is blocked by perchlorate, a specific inhibitor of NIS. Cells infected with MV-Edm do not concentrate iodide. (D) MV-NIS replicates in myeloma cells with increasing NIS expression leading to higher iodide uptake with time. (E) Infection of primary myeloma cells with MV-NIS (MOI, 2) leads to significant iodide uptake 72 hours after infection. The control cells were infected with MV-Edm. There were 5 different primary myeloma cell samples studied with similar results. Each experiment was performed in triplicate. Error bars indicate SD.