NF-κB activation is not essential for LPS-induced survival signals. Empty vector- or IκBmt-transduced endothelial cells (as labeled) were treated with LPS (A) or TNF (B), in the presence of CHX (50 μg/mL) for 16 hours. Cell survival was measured by neutral red incorporation and normalized to cells treated with CHX alone. Data shown are the mean plus or minus the standard error of the mean (SEM) of 6 independent experiments, each done in triplicate. ^*P < .001.