Role of ectosomal membranes and phosphatidylserine in ectosomal activity/post-transcriptional control of ectosomes on macrophages. HMDMs were incubated with medium alone (Ø), medium with ectosomes (ectos., 5 μg/mL), or medium supplemented with zymosan (zym., 5 μg/mL) for 24 hours. In some experiments, zymosan medium was supplemented with ectosomes, ectosomes with 50 μg/mL annexin V (AnV), or ectosomal membranes (ectos. membr.). Alternatively, macrophages were preincubated for 1 hour with actinomycin D (actD). Supernatants were analyzed for IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, and TGFβ1. Error bars equal standard deviation of the mean.