Positive correlation between the frequency of HIV-1_BaL p24⁺ DCs and TNFα-producing DCs. Immature DCs were exposed to 10 × HIV-1_BaL for 72 hours with CD40L stimulation for the final 6 hours (TNFα) or 24 hours (IL-12 p70). The amount of secreted cytokines was measured in DCs from 6 donors and plotted against the frequency of p24⁺ DCs from each individual donor (A-B). The frequencies of intracellular cytokine (IC)-positive and p24⁺ DCs were determined in 8 donors for TNFα (C) and 17 donors for IL-12 p70 (D). To show any correlation between these parameters, the frequency of p24⁺ DCs was plotted against the frequency of TNFα⁺ DCs (C) and IL-12 p70⁺ DCs (D). Correlations were assessed using the Spearman rank test and considered statistically significant at P < .05. The correlation between p24⁺ and TNFα⁺ DCs (C) was statistically significant (n = 8, R = 0.738, P = .046). The correlation between p24⁺ and IL-12 p70⁺ DCs (D) was also statistically significant (n = 17, R = -0.492, P = .045).