Cell proliferation and differentiation of CD34⁺/CD4⁺ and CD34⁺/CD4^- sorted cells culture with or without IL-16. (A) After 14 days, the total number of cells expanded in vitro from CD34⁺/CD4⁺ cells, but not from CD34⁺/CD4^- cells, in the presence of IL-16 added to the basal cocktail was higher than in the presence of the cocktail alone. The mean fold increase over cell number plated on day 0 is shown. Mean ± SEM from 10 independent experiments. (B) After 14 days, the number of DCs expanded in vitro from CD34⁺/CD4⁺ cells, but not from CD34⁺/CD4^- cells, in the presence of IL-16 added to the basal cocktail was higher than in the presence of the cocktail alone. The mean fold increase is shown. Mean ± SEM from 10 independent experiments. Comparison between treatments performed with the paired Wilcoxon signed rank test. (C) CD34⁺/CD4^- sorted cells grown in the presence of basal cocktail alone (broken line) or with IL-16 (solid line) showed a progressive expression of CD4 molecule on their surface. One representative of 2 independent experiments is shown.