Anti-ICAM nanocarriers do not compromise endothelial cell viability. Both control and FITC–anti-ICAM/NC–treated HUVECs were maintained in culture for 48 hours. (A) Cells, visualized by nuclear staining with DAPI (4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole 2HCl), retain intracellular anti-ICAM/NCs, which distribute between dividing cells (inset). Bar = 30 μm. (B) The morphology of the HUVEC monolayer and cell number is not affected by anti-ICAM/NC retention in cells. Magnification bar = 50 μm. (C) Intracellular anti-ICAM/NCs do not affect HUVEC survival revealed by fluorescent staining of alive (green) and dead (red) cells. Bar = 50 μm. Data are M ± SEM from at least 500 cells per condition.