Rapamycin inhibits doxorubicin-induced NF-κB activation in ALL blasts. (A) EMSA analysis of nuclear extracts from ALL cells (patient 5) cultured for 5 hours with 0.5 μM doxorubicin, with and without rapamycin (100 ng/mL) or wortmannin (1 μM). A competition assay performed with the same NF-κB cold oligo or an unrelated oligo (see “Materials and methods”) indicated the specificity of the NF-κB band. (B) Flow cytometry diagrams of apoptosis of ALL blasts, from the same patient, cultured for 24 hours with 0.5 μM doxorubicin, with and without rapamycin (100 ng/mL) or wortmannin (1 μM). The percentages over the bars indicate the amount of annexin V-positive cells.