PCR analysis of TCR Vγ-Jγ genes in duodenal biopsies of patients with complicated CD, untreated CD responsive to GFD, and dyspeptic controls. (A) Representative experiments using VγI-Jγ (top) and VγII, III, IV-Jγ (bottom) specific oligonucleotides. Sample numbers refer to patient numbers in Tables 1 and 2. Samples no. 2 and 3 demonstrate a clonal pattern. In patient no. 2, an identical VγI-Jγ biallelic rearrangement was found in (a) duodenal mucosa and in (b) jejunal mucosa 108 days later. In case no. 3, a monoallelic VγI-Jγ and a monoallelic VγII, III, IV-Jγ rearrangement were detected. PC, polyclonal control; C, clonal control. Dilution of the clonal control into peripheral blood lymphocytes polyclonal DNA (from 100% to 1%) has been included in the experiments and is shown for the VγII, III, IV-Jγ experiments. (B) Analysis of patient no. 4 DNAs. (Top) VγI-Jγ rearrangements. A clonal rearrangement was found in the 3 patients’ samples. (a) Duodenal biopsy at entry; (b) duodenal biopsy 30 days later; (c) peripheral blood specimen obtained 64 days later at the moment of overt lymphoma. PBL, peripheral blood lymphocytes from a polyclonal control. (C) Analysis of patient no. 3 DNAs by multiplex PCR. (a) Duodenal biopsy; (b through f) postmortem samples obtained 30 months later. (b) Small bowel; (c) colon; (d) thoracic lymph nodes; (e) mesenteric lymph nodes; (f) colonic mucosa. PC, polyclonal control; C, dilution of the clonal control into peripheral blood lymphocytes polyclonal DNA (from 100% to 1%).