Ex vivo drug screening demonstrates synergy between HMAs and venetoclax. Ex vivo drug sensitivity is shown for 54 patients tested with azacitidine, decitabine, and venetoclax as single agents and for 46 patients tested with venetoclax in combination with azacitidine or decitabine. HMA-venetoclax combinations yielded a greater reduction in blast count compared with single agent therapy with an HMA or venetoclax (P < .01 for all combinations vs single agents; mixed effects linear model). Patients who were treated with 1 of these agents or combinations and who were evaluable for clinical response are highlighted in green (indicating clinical responders; n = 8) or in red (indicating nonresponders; n = 9). The remaining patients are indicated in blue.