CiTE and sctb enhance lysis of patient-derived primary AML cells and increase T-cell proliferation. (A) Cytotoxic lysis of primary AML cells from an exemplary patient and PD-1 expression on T cells after 3 to 4 days of cocultivation. (B) Mean cytotoxic lysis of primary AML cells induced by respective molecules after 3 to 4 days. (C) PD-1 expression on T cells after 3 to 4 days. (D) T-cell proliferation after 6 to 7 days measured by flow cytometry. CiTE, sctb, BiTE-like molecule, and specificity control were applied at 10 nM; αPD-L1 mAB at 10 µg/mL concentration. Assays were performed at an initial E:T ratio of 1:4. Error bars display SEM. For statistical analysis, Wilcoxon test was applied. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001.