CiTE leads to eradication of AML cells in a murine NSG xenograft model without indication of enhanced PD-1 upregulation or body weight loss. (A) Experimental design of mouse studies. (B) Remaining engrafted MOLM-13:PD-L1 (live hCD45⁺CD33⁺) cells in BM of exemplary mice per cohort (left) and as mean (right) after 13 days. (C) PD-1 upregulation on human CD45⁺CD3⁺CD4⁺ and CD45⁺CD3⁺CD4⁻ T cells. (D) Relative body weight of mice as scored during treatment with CiTE and sctb. Cohorts contained 4 to 6 mice. Error bars in (B-C) indicate standard deviation, in (D) SEM. For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney U test was applied. *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001. IP, intraperitoneally.