Effects of IMiDs on LPS-induced responses in mDCs. Blood mDCs were treated with media alone, LPS, LPS + LEN, or LPS + POM (in some experiments, poly(I:C) was used instead of LPS). (A) After 24 hours of culture, the cytokines in the supernatants were analyzed by an ELISA. (B) After 4 hours of mDC culture (with LPS in the presence of LEN or POM at 0.3 μM), STAT4 mRNA in mDCs was analyzed by real-time PCR. Each experiment was performed using DCs from a single donor, and data are shown as the mean ± SEM of 4 independent donors (A) and 5 independent donors (B). Statistical significance was determined using a paired Student t test (*P < .05, **P < .01). Comparisons between data obtained for vehicle controls (indicated as LPS alone or poly(I:C) alone) and for each concentration of LEN or POM. nd, not detected.