A proposed algorithm for the detection, evaluation, and management of anemia in the perioperative setting. Whenever treatment of anemia of iron deficiency or inflammation is initiated, we routinely add vitamin B12 and folic acid, as well to meet the potential increased demand. The provided algorithm is not intended to be all-inclusive and, depending on the availability, other tests and measurements (eg, soluble transferrin receptor) may be used to assist in making the diagnosis.21-23 CHr, reticulocyte hemoglobin concentration; ESA, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; Hgb, hemoglobin; HM, hematologic malignancy; MDS, myelodysplastic syndrome; PBM, patient blood management; SF, serum ferritin; TSAT, transferrin saturation.