CONSORT diagram for the discovery and validation data sets. To enable meaningful cross-cohort comparison, we applied multiple exclusion criteria. Patients who did not achieve complete remission were excluded, because no meaningful MRD value could be measured. Patients who underwent stem cell transplantation (SCT) in first remission were excluded because each trial used different selection criteria. Patients with BCR-ABL1 fusion or Down syndrome and those age >25 years were excluded because they were not eligible for ≥1 cohort. Excluded patients (dotted boxes) were counted in each applicable category.