Effect of intravenous gammaglobulin on circulating and platelet-bound antibody in immune thrombocytopenia

Ten patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) were studied before and following a rise in circulating platelets subsequent to infusions of intravenous gammaglobulin (400 mg/kg/day x 5 days). We quantitated the amount of circulating IgG capable of binding to normal donor platelets in vitro using an 125I-monoclonal anti-human IgG assay, as well as the amount of IgG associated with the patients' platelets before and following therapy. We found no evidence for a decrease in platelet-specific IgG antibodies in these patients undergoing an acute response to therapy. These data suggest that the short-term efficacy of intravenous gammaglobulin is due to effects other than a substantive reduction in platelet reactive antibodies, such as the alteration of IgG-coated platelet destruction.