A prime editing strategy to rewrite the γ-globin promoters and reactivate fetal hemoglobin for sickle cell disease Available to Purchase

• Prime editing enables multiplex editing of the γ-globin promoters with high precision in hematopoietic cells

• Multiple HPFH-like edits boost γ-globin more than individual mutations, paving the way for a new therapeutic strategy for hemoglobinopathies

Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) reactivation is a promising therapy for β-hemoglobinopathies. We developed a prime-editing strategy that introduces multiple mutations in the fetal γ-globin promoters that are expected to increase their activity. We tested multiple targets and optimized a variety of parameters to achieve ~50% of precise edits in a hematopoietic cell line, with minimal off-targets effects. This work improved our understanding of the complex DNA repair mechanisms involved in prime editing. We tested this strategy in patients' hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Although the editing efficiency was variable amongst donors, erythroid clones carrying multiple mutations express a significantly higher γ-globin level compared to cells carrying individual mutations, confirming the potential therapeutic benefit of our combined strategy for patients with β-hemoglobinopathies.