We appreciate the thoughtful comments by Dr Dispenzieri concerning our observations that the one-third of patients with the steepest serum free-light chain (SFLC) reduction after induction cycles 1 and 2 had inferior event-free and overall survivals relative to those with lesser degrees of SFLC response. Dr Dispenzieri suggests that our results did not account for baseline levels and might in fact be a reflection of the fact that those with low baseline SFLC levels have lower percentage reductions and constitute a good prognosis group. While indeed greatest percentage SFLC reduction was observed among subjects with highest baseline SFLC levels, there was considerable overlap in the percentage reduction distributions among baseline SFLC tertile cohorts. We repeated the multivariate analysis suggested, excluding the 30 patients with normal baseline SFLC levels. As shown in Table 1, the results are essentially identical to those we published (Tables 4,51 ), with only a slight attenuation of P-values due to smaller numbers. We also wish to draw attention to Table 2 of our manuscript,1  which shows that the overall adverse consequences of top-tertile SFLC reduction pertain, in a an attenuated fashion, also to the subset with top-tertile SFLC baseline levels. Thus, our initial expectation that marked SFLC reduction might counteract the negative consequences of high SFLC baseline levels was not supported by clinical outcome results. In fact, as we concluded in our paper, features of myeloma aggressiveness as reflected by high baseline SFLC levels, while associated with more rapid and profound tumor cell kill and higher rates of complete remission, account for rapid tumor regrowth between treatments and ensuing early relapse and disease-related death.

Table 1

Multivariate analysis of baseline parameters as well as of percentage SFLC reduction from baseline to levels obtained prior to cycle 2 of induction therapy and before transplantation, associated with event-free and overall survival, excluding subjects with normal SFLC baseline levels (kappa ≤ 1.93; lambda ≤ 2.64)

Variablen/N (%)HR (95% CI)P
Overall survival from cycle 2    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, cycle 2 93/256 (36) 2.56 (1.12,5.83) .025 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 69/256 (27) 2.91 (1.30,6.51) .009 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 85/256 (33) 4.56 (1.87,11.09) <.001 
Event-free survival from cycle 2    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, cycle 2 93/256 (36) 2.36 (1.16,4.81) .018 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 69/256 (27) 2.11 (1.04,4.28) .038 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 85/256 (33) 3.31 (1.60,6.85) .001 
Overall survival from first transplant    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, cycle 2 91/249 (37) 2.25 (0.94,5.35) .067 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 65/249 (26) 2.59 (1.10,6.09) .029 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 83/249 (33) 4.50 (1.84,11.00) <.001 
Event-free survival from first transplant    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, transplant 1 90/248 (36) 2.09 (0.98,4.44) .056 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 64/248 (26) 1.81 (0.85,3.88) .125 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 82/248 (33) 3.14 (1.50,6.57) .002 
Variablen/N (%)HR (95% CI)P
Overall survival from cycle 2    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, cycle 2 93/256 (36) 2.56 (1.12,5.83) .025 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 69/256 (27) 2.91 (1.30,6.51) .009 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 85/256 (33) 4.56 (1.87,11.09) <.001 
Event-free survival from cycle 2    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, cycle 2 93/256 (36) 2.36 (1.16,4.81) .018 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 69/256 (27) 2.11 (1.04,4.28) .038 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 85/256 (33) 3.31 (1.60,6.85) .001 
Overall survival from first transplant    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, cycle 2 91/249 (37) 2.25 (0.94,5.35) .067 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 65/249 (26) 2.59 (1.10,6.09) .029 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 83/249 (33) 4.50 (1.84,11.00) <.001 
Event-free survival from first transplant    
    Top tertile of SFLC % reduction, transplant 1 90/248 (36) 2.09 (0.98,4.44) .056 
    LDH greater than 190 U/L 64/248 (26) 1.81 (0.85,3.88) .125 
    Cytogenetic abnormalities 82/248 (33) 3.14 (1.50,6.57) .002 

Multivariate model uses stepwise selection with entry level 0.1 and variable remains if it meets the .05 level. P-value is from the Wald chi-square test in Cox regression HR indicates hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; and NS, not significant.

Conflict-of-interest disclosure: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Correspondence: Bart Barlogie, Myeloma Institute for Research and Therapy, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham, Slot 816, Little Rock, AR 72205; e-mail: barlogiebart@uams.edu.

1
van Rhee
F
Bolejack
V
Hollmig
K
et al
High serum-free light chain levels and their rapid reduction in response to therapy define an aggressive multiple myeloma subtype with poor prognosis.
Blood
2007
110
827
832

National Institutes of Health

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