Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) encompass a heterogeneous group of post-thymic T-cell lymphomas with more than 30 distinct subtypes associated with varied clinicopathological features. Unfortunately, the overall survival of the major PTCL subtypes is dismal and has not improved for decades, thus there is an urgent unmet clinical need to improve diagnosis, therapies, and clinical outcomes. The diagnosis is often challenging requiring a combinatorial evaluation of clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features. PTCL pathobiology is difficult to investigate due to enormous inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity, limited tissue availability, and the paucity of authentic T-lymphoma cell lines or genetically faithful animal models. The application of transcriptomic profiling and genomic sequencing has markedly accelerated the discovery of new biomarkers, molecular signatures, and genetic lesions and some of the discoveries have been included in the revised WHO or ICC classification. Genome-wide investigations have revealed the mutational landscape and transcriptomic profiles of PTCL entities, defined the cell-of-origin as a major determinant of T-cell lymphoma biology, and allowed for the refinement of biologically and clinically meaningful entities for precision therapy. In this review, we prioritize the discussion on common nodal PTCL subtypes together with two virus associated T or T/NK lymphomas. We succinctly review normal T-cell development, differentiation, and T-cell receptor signaling as they relate to PTCL pathogenesis and biology. This review will facilitate a better biological understanding of the different PTCL entities, and their stratification for additional studies and target-directed clinical trials.-
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Review Article|
August 30, 2024
New insights into the biology of T-cell lymphomas
Javeed Iqbal,
University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, United States
* Corresponding Author; email: jiqbal@unmc.edu
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Giorgio GA Inghirami,
Giorgio GA Inghirami
Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States
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Wing C. Chan
Wing C. Chan
City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, United States
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Blood blood.2023021787.
Article history
Submitted:
January 8, 2024
Revision Received:
July 29, 2024
Accepted:
July 29, 2024
Citation
Javeed Iqbal, Giorgio GA Inghirami, Wing C. Chan; New insights into the biology of T-cell lymphomas. Blood 2024; blood.2023021787. doi: https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2023021787
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