Abstract

Cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) show enormous diversity and plasticity, with functions that can range from tumor inhibitory to tumor supportive. The patient’s age, immune status, and DLBCL treatments are factors that contribute to the shaping of this TME, but evidence suggests that genetic factors, arising principally in lymphoma cells themselves, are among the most important. Here, we review the current understanding of the role of these genetic drivers of DLBCL in establishing and modulating the lymphoma microenvironment. A better comprehension of the relationship between lymphoma genetic factors and TME biology should lead to better therapeutic interventions, especially immunotherapies.

1.
Frontzek
F
,
Lenz
G
.
Novel insights into the pathogenesis of molecular subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and their clinical implications
.
Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol
.
2019
;
12
(
11
):
1059
-
1067
.
2.
Chapuy
B
,
Stewart
C
,
Dunford
AJ
, et al
.
Molecular subtypes of diffuse large B cell lymphoma are associated with distinct pathogenic mechanisms and outcomes
.
Nat Med
.
2018
;
24
(
5
):
679
-
690
.
3.
Schmitz
R
,
Wright
GW
,
Huang
DW
, et al
.
Genetics and pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
N Engl J Med
.
2018
;
378
(
15
):
1396
-
1407
.
4.
Steen
CB
,
Luca
BA
,
Esfahani
MS
, et al
.
The landscape of tumor cell states and ecosystems in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
.
Cancer Cell
.
2021
;
39
(
10
):
1422
-
1437.e10
.
5.
Gerber-Ferder
Y
,
Cosgrove
J
,
Duperray-Susini
A
, et al
.
Breast cancer remotely imposes a myeloid bias on haematopoietic stem cells by reprogramming the bone marrow niche
.
Nat Cell Biol
.
2023
;
25
(
12
):
1736
-
1745
.
6.
Kotlov
N
,
Bagaev
A
,
Revuelta
MV
, et al
.
Clinical and biological subtypes of B-cell lymphoma revealed by microenvironmental signatures
.
Cancer Discov
.
2021
;
11
(
6
):
1468
-
1489
.
7.
Nicholas
NS
,
Apollonio
B
,
Ramsay
AG
.
Tumor microenvironment (TME)-driven immune suppression in B cell malignancy
.
Biochim Biophys Acta
.
2016
;
1863
(
3
):
471
-
482
.
8.
Reddy
A
,
Zhang
J
,
Davis
NS
, et al
.
Genetic and functional drivers of diffuse large B cell lymphoma
.
Cell
.
2017
;
171
(
2
):
481
-
494.e15
.
9.
Pasqualucci
L
,
Dalla-Favera
R
.
The genetic landscape of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
Semin Hematol
.
2015
;
52
(
2
):
67
-
76
.
10.
Calon
A
,
Tauriello
DV
,
Batlle
E
.
TGF-beta in CAF-mediated tumor growth and metastasis
.
Semin Cancer Biol
.
2014
;
25
:
15
-
22
.
11.
Zhang
MC
,
Tian
S
,
Fu
D
, et al
.
Genetic subtype-guided immunochemotherapy in diffuse large B cell lymphoma: the randomized GUIDANCE-01 trial
.
Cancer Cell
.
2023
;
41
(
10
):
1705
-
1716.e5
.
12.
Dufva
O
,
Polonen
P
,
Bruck
O
, et al
.
Immunogenomic landscape of hematological malignancies
.
Cancer Cell
.
2020
;
38
(
3
):
424
-
428
.
13.
Wellenstein
MD
,
de Visser
KE
.
Cancer-cell-intrinsic mechanisms shaping the tumor immune landscape
.
Immunity
.
2018
;
48
(
3
):
399
-
416
.
14.
Calvo-Vidal
MN
,
Zamponi
N
,
Krumsiek
J
, et al
.
Oncogenic HSP90 facilitates metabolic alterations in aggressive B-cell lymphomas
.
Cancer Res
.
2021
;
81
(
20
):
5202
-
5216
.
15.
Fangazio
M
,
Ladewig
E
,
Gomez
K
, et al
.
Genetic mechanisms of HLA-I loss and immune escape in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
.
2021
;
118
(
22
):
e2104504118
.
16.
Nijland
M
,
Veenstra
RN
,
Visser
L
, et al
.
HLA dependent immune escape mechanisms in B-cell lymphomas: Implications for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy?
.
Oncoimmunology
.
2017
;
6
(
4
):
e1295202
.
17.
Dersh
D
,
Phelan
JD
,
Gumina
ME
, et al
.
Genome-wide screens identify lineage- and tumor-specific genes modulating MHC-I- and MHC-II-restricted immunosurveillance of human lymphomas
.
Immunity
.
2021
;
54
(
1
):
116
-
131.e10
.
18.
Okosun
J
,
Bodor
C
,
Wang
J
, et al
.
Integrated genomic analysis identifies recurrent mutations and evolution patterns driving the initiation and progression of follicular lymphoma
.
Nat Genet
.
2014
;
46
(
2
):
176
-
181
.
19.
Challa-Malladi
M
,
Lieu
YK
,
Califano
O
, et al
.
Combined genetic inactivation of beta2-Microglobulin and CD58 reveals frequent escape from immune recognition in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
.
Cancer Cell
.
2011
;
20
(
6
):
728
-
740
.
20.
Godfrey
J
,
Tumuluru
S
,
Bao
R
, et al
.
PD-L1 gene alterations identify a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma harboring a T-cell-inflamed phenotype
.
Blood
.
2019
;
133
(
21
):
2279
-
2290
.
21.
Boice
M
,
Salloum
D
,
Mourcin
F
, et al
.
Loss of the HVEM tumor suppressor in lymphoma and restoration by modified CAR-T cells
.
Cell
.
2016
;
167
(
2
):
405
-
418.e13
.
22.
Chiodin
G
,
Allen
JD
,
Bryant
DJ
, et al
.
Insertion of atypical glycans into the tumor antigen-binding site identifies DLBCLs with distinct origin and behavior
.
Blood
.
2021
;
138
(
17
):
1570
-
1582
.
23.
Ennishi
D
,
Healy
S
,
Bashashati
A
, et al
.
TMEM30A loss-of-function mutations drive lymphomagenesis and confer therapeutically exploitable vulnerability in B-cell lymphoma
.
Nat Med
.
2020
;
26
(
4
):
577
-
588
.
24.
Mandato
E
,
Calabretta
E
,
Bai
G
, et al
.
Cd70 Deficiency Impairs CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell immune surveillance in Bcl6-driven diffuse large B-cell lymphomas [abstract]
.
Blood
.
2023
;
142
(
suppl 1
):
1624
.
25.
Berglund
A
,
Mills
M
,
Putney
RM
,
Hamaidi
I
,
Mule
J
,
Kim
S
.
Methylation of immune synapse genes modulates tumor immunogenicity
.
J Clin Invest
.
2020
;
130
(
2
):
974
-
980
.
26.
Jiang
XN
,
Yu
BH
,
Yan
WH
,
Lee
J
,
Zhou
XY
,
Li
XQ
.
Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma features disrupted antigen capture/presentation and hijacked T-cell suppression
.
Oncoimmunology
.
2020
;
9
(
1
):
1683346
.
27.
Choi
IK
,
Wang
Z
,
Ke
Q
, et al
.
Signaling by the Epstein-Barr virus LMP1 protein induces potent cytotoxic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses
.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
.
2018
;
115
(
4
):
E686
-
E695
.
28.
Morin
RD
,
Mendez-Lago
M
,
Mungall
AJ
, et al
.
Frequent mutation of histone-modifying genes in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
.
Nature
.
2011
;
476
(
7360
):
298
-
303
.
29.
Cerchietti
LC
,
Hatzi
K
,
Caldas-Lopes
E
, et al
.
BCL6 repression of EP300 in human diffuse large B cell lymphoma cells provides a basis for rational combinatorial therapy
.
J Clin Invest
.
2010
;
120
(
12
):
4569
-
4582
.
30.
Green
MR
,
Kihira
S
,
Liu
CL
, et al
.
Mutations in early follicular lymphoma progenitors are associated with suppressed antigen presentation
.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
.
2015
;
112
(
10
):
E1116
-
1125
.
31.
Hashwah
H
,
Schmid
CA
,
Kasser
S
, et al
.
Inactivation of CREBBP expands the germinal center B cell compartment, down-regulates MHCII expression and promotes DLBCL growth
.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
.
2017
;
114
(
36
):
9701
-
9706
.
32.
Ennishi
D
,
Takata
K
,
Beguelin
W
, et al
.
Molecular and genetic characterization of MHC deficiency identifies EZH2 as therapeutic target for enhancing immune recognition
.
Cancer Discov
.
2019
;
9
(
4
):
546
-
563
.
33.
Jiang
Y
,
Ortega-Molina
A
,
Geng
H
, et al
.
CREBBP inactivation promotes the development of HDAC3-dependent lymphomas
.
Cancer Discov
.
2017
;
7
(
1
):
38
-
53
.
34.
Taura
M
,
Eguma
A
,
Suico
MA
, et al
.
p53 regulates Toll-like receptor 3 expression and function in human epithelial cell lines
.
Mol Cell Biol
.
2008
;
28
(
21
):
6557
-
6567
.
35.
Thiem
A
,
Hesbacher
S
,
Kneitz
H
, et al
.
IFN-gamma-induced PD-L1 expression in melanoma depends on p53 expression
.
J Exp Clin Cancer Res
.
2019
;
38
(
1
):
397
.
36.
Menendez
D
,
Shatz
M
,
Azzam
K
,
Garantziotis
S
,
Fessler
MB
,
Resnick
MA
.
The Toll-like receptor gene family is integrated into human DNA damage and p53 networks
.
PLoS Genet
.
2011
;
7
(
3
):
e1001360
.
37.
Vogiatzi
F
,
Brandt
DT
,
Schneikert
J
, et al
.
Mutant p53 promotes tumor progression and metastasis by the endoplasmic reticulum UDPase ENTPD5
.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
.
2016
;
113
(
52
):
E8433
-
E8442
.
38.
Ennishi
D
,
Jiang
A
,
Boyle
M
, et al
.
Double-hit gene expression signature defines a distinct subgroup of germinal center B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
J Clin Oncol
.
2019
;
37
(
3
):
190
-
201
.
39.
Smith
BAH
,
Deutzmann
A
,
Correa
KM
, et al
.
MYC-driven synthesis of Siglec ligands is a glycoimmune checkpoint
.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
.
2023
;
120
(
11
):
e2215376120
.
40.
Casey
SC
,
Tong
L
,
Li
Y
, et al
.
MYC regulates the antitumor immune response through CD47 and PD-L1
.
Science
.
2016
;
352
(
6282
):
227
-
231
.
41.
Atsaves
V
,
Tsesmetzis
N
,
Chioureas
D
, et al
.
PD-L1 is commonly expressed and transcriptionally regulated by STAT3 and MYC in ALK-negative anaplastic large-cell lymphoma
.
Leukemia
.
2017
;
31
(
7
):
1633
-
1637
.
42.
Higashi
M
,
Momose
S
,
Takayanagi
N
, et al
.
CD24 is a surrogate for 'immune-cold' phenotype in aggressive large B-cell lymphoma
.
J Pathol Clin Res
.
2022
;
8
(
4
):
340
-
354
.
43.
Lujambio
A
,
Akkari
L
,
Simon
J
, et al
.
Non-cell-autonomous tumor suppression by p53
.
Cell
.
2013
;
153
(
2
):
449
-
460
.
44.
Quigley
D
,
Silwal-Pandit
L
,
Dannenfelser
R
, et al
.
Lymphocyte invasion in IC10/basal-like breast tumors is associated with wild-type TP53
.
Mol Cancer Res
.
2015
;
13
(
3
):
493
-
501
.
45.
Souza
L
,
Faletti
A
,
Verissimo
CP
,
Stelling
MP
,
Borges
HL
.
p53 signaling on microenvironment and its contribution to tissue chemoresistance
.
Membranes (Basel)
.
2022
;
12
(
2
):
202
.
46.
Coppe
JP
,
Patil
CK
,
Rodier
F
, et al
.
Senescence-associated secretory phenotypes reveal cell-nonautonomous functions of oncogenic RAS and the p53 tumor suppressor
.
PLoS Biol
.
2008
;
6
(
12
):
2853
-
2868
.
47.
Ghosh
M
,
Saha
S
,
Bettke
J
, et al
.
Mutant p53 suppresses innate immune signaling to promote tumorigenesis
.
Cancer Cell
.
2021
;
39
(
4
):
494
-
508.e5
.
48.
Celay
J
,
Recalde
M
,
Revuelta
MV
, et al
.
Remodeling of the immune microenvironment by oncogenic MYD88 dictates immunotherapy responses across indolent and aggressive B-cell lymphomas [abstract]
.
Blood
.
2023
;
142
(
suppl 1
):
431
.
49.
Zimmerli
D
,
Brambillasca
CS
,
Talens
F
, et al
.
MYC promotes immune-suppression in triple-negative breast cancer via inhibition of interferon signaling
.
Nat Commun
.
2022
;
13
(
1
):
6579
.
50.
Lee
KM
,
Lin
CC
,
Servetto
A
, et al
.
Epigenetic repression of STING by MYC promotes immune evasion and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer
.
Cancer Immunol Res
.
2022
;
10
(
7
):
829
-
843
.
51.
Wu
SY
,
Xiao
Y
,
Wei
JL
, et al
.
MYC suppresses STING-dependent innate immunity by transcriptionally upregulating DNMT1 in triple-negative breast cancer
.
J Immunother Cancer
.
2021
;
9
(
7
):
e002528
.
52.
Young
A
,
Mittal
D
,
Stagg
J
,
Smyth
MJ
.
Targeting cancer-derived adenosine: new therapeutic approaches
.
Cancer Discov
.
2014
;
4
(
8
):
879
-
888
.
53.
Hasko
G
,
Sitkovsky
MV
,
Szabo
C
.
Immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects of inosine
.
Trends Pharmacol Sci
.
2004
;
25
(
3
):
152
-
157
.
54.
Huang
YH
,
Cai
K
,
Xu
PP
, et al
.
CREBBP/EP300 mutations promoted tumor progression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma through altering tumor-associated macrophage polarization via FBXW7-NOTCH-CCL2/CSF1 axis
.
Signal Transduct Target Ther
.
2021
;
6
(
1
):
10
.
55.
Turi
M
,
Anilkumar Sithara
A
,
Hofmanova
L
, et al
.
Transcriptome analysis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells inducibly expressing MyD88 L265P mutation identifies upregulated CD44, LGALS3, NFKBIZ, and BATF as downstream targets of oncogenic NF-kappaB signaling
.
Int J Mol Sci
.
2023
;
24
(
6
):
5623
.
56.
Ngo
VN
,
Young
RM
,
Schmitz
R
, et al
.
Oncogenically active MYD88 mutations in human lymphoma
.
Nature
.
2011
;
470
(
7332
):
115
-
119
.
57.
Kakarla
M
,
ChallaSivaKanaka
S
,
Hayward
SW
,
Franco
OE
.
Race as a contributor to stromal modulation of tumor progression
.
Cancers
.
2021
;
13
(
11
):
2656
.
58.
Assis-Mendonca
GR
,
Fattori
A
,
Rocha
RM
, et al
.
Single nucleotide variants in immune-response genes and the tumor microenvironment composition predict progression of mantle cell lymphoma
.
BMC Cancer
.
2021
;
21
(
1
):
209
.
59.
Cerhan
JR
,
Wang
S
,
Maurer
MJ
, et al
.
Prognostic significance of host immune gene polymorphisms in follicular lymphoma survival
.
Blood
.
2007
;
109
(
12
):
5439
-
5446
.
60.
Habermann
TM
,
Wang
SS
,
Maurer
MJ
, et al
.
Host immune gene polymorphisms in combination with clinical and demographic factors predict late survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients in the pre-rituximab era
.
Blood
.
2008
;
112
(
7
):
2694
-
2702
.
61.
Nielsen
KR
,
Steffensen
R
,
Haunstrup
TM
, et al
.
Inherited variation in immune response genes in follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
Leuk Lymphoma
.
2015
;
56
(
12
):
3257
-
3266
.
62.
Tang
W
,
Wallace
TA
,
Yi
M
, et al
.
IFNL4-DeltaG allele is associated with an interferon signature in tumors and survival of african-american men with prostate cancer
.
Clin Cancer Res
.
2018
;
24
(
21
):
5471
-
5481
.
63.
Shenoy
PJ
,
Malik
N
,
Nooka
A
, et al
.
Racial differences in the presentation and outcomes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the United States
.
Cancer
.
2011
;
117
(
11
):
2530
-
2540
.
64.
Lee
MJ
,
Koff
JL
,
Switchenko
JM
, et al
.
Genome-defined African ancestry is associated with distinct mutations and worse survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
Cancer
.
2020
;
126
(
15
):
3493
-
3503
.
65.
Rozhok
AI
,
Salstrom
JL
,
DeGregori
J
.
Stochastic modeling indicates that aging and somatic evolution in the hematopoetic system are driven by non-cell-autonomous processes
.
Aging (Albany NY)
.
2014
;
6
(
12
):
1033
-
1048
.
66.
Fane
M
,
Weeraratna
AT
.
How the ageing microenvironment influences tumour progression
.
Nat Rev Cancer
.
2020
;
20
(
2
):
89
-
106
.
67.
Jaiswal
S
,
Fontanillas
P
,
Flannick
J
, et al
.
Age-related clonal hematopoiesis associated with adverse outcomes
.
N Engl J Med
.
2014
;
371
(
26
):
2488
-
2498
.
68.
Libby
P
,
Sidlow
R
,
Lin
AE
, et al
.
Clonal hematopoiesis: crossroads of aging, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: JACC review topic of the week
.
J Am Coll Cardiol
.
2019
;
74
(
4
):
567
-
577
.
69.
Fuster
JJ
,
MacLauchlan
S
,
Zuriaga
MA
, et al
.
Clonal hematopoiesis associated with TET2 deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis development in mice
.
Science
.
2017
;
355
(
6327
):
842
-
847
.
70.
Wang
W
,
Liu
W
,
Fidler
T
, et al
.
Macrophage inflammation, erythrophagocytosis, and accelerated atherosclerosis in Jak2 (V617F) mice
.
Circ Res
.
2018
;
123
(
11
):
e35
-
e47
.
71.
Marullo
R
,
Revuelta
MV
,
Béguelin
W
,
Lara-Garcia
J
,
Cerchietti
L
.
Aging-associated epigenetic reprogramming alters the germinal center reaction and targets pathways related to lymphomagenesis [abstract]
.
Blood
.
2021
;
138
(
suppl 1
):
676
.
72.
Franceschi
C
,
Garagnani
P
,
Parini
P
,
Giuliani
C
,
Santoro
A
.
Inflammaging: a new immune-metabolic viewpoint for age-related diseases
.
Nat Rev Endocrinol
.
2018
;
14
(
10
):
576
-
590
.
73.
Zhu
X
,
Chen
Z
,
Shen
W
, et al
.
Inflammation, epigenetics, and metabolism converge to cell senescence and ageing: the regulation and intervention
.
Signal Transduct Target Ther
.
2021
;
6
(
1
):
245
.
74.
Leonardi
GC
,
Accardi
G
,
Monastero
R
,
Nicoletti
F
,
Libra
M
.
Ageing: from inflammation to cancer
.
Immun Ageing
.
2018
;
15
:
1
.
75.
Kanesvaran
R
,
Cordoba
R
,
Maggiore
R
.
Immunotherapy in older adults with advanced cancers: implications for clinical decision-making and future research
.
Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book
.
2018
;
38
:
400
-
414
.
76.
Pan
H
,
Jiang
Y
,
Boi
M
, et al
.
Epigenomic evolution in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas
.
Nat Commun
.
2015
;
6
:
6921
.
77.
Clozel
T
,
Yang
S
,
Elstrom
RL
, et al
.
Mechanism-based epigenetic chemosensitization therapy of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
Cancer Discov
.
2013
;
3
(
9
):
1002
-
1019
.
78.
Stelling
A
,
Wu
CT
,
Bertram
K
, et al
.
Pharmacological DNA demethylation restores SMAD1 expression and tumor suppressive signaling in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
.
Blood Adv
.
2019
;
3
(
20
):
3020
-
3032
.
79.
Sangaletti
S
,
Iannelli
F
,
Zanardi
F
, et al
.
Intra-tumour heterogeneity of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involves the induction of diversified stroma-tumour interfaces
.
EBioMedicine
.
2020
;
61
:
103055
.
80.
Yang
R
,
Cheng
S
,
Luo
N
, et al
.
Distinct epigenetic features of tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer patients revealed by genome-wide DNA methylation analysis
.
Genome Biol
.
2019
;
21
(
1
):
2
.
81.
Zou
Q
,
Wang
X
,
Ren
D
, et al
.
DNA methylation-based signature of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes enables evaluation of immune response and prognosis in colorectal cancer
.
J Immunother Cancer
.
2021
;
9
(
9
):
e002671
.
82.
Ghoneim
HE
,
Fan
Y
,
Moustaki
A
, et al
.
De novo epigenetic programs inhibit PD-1 blockade-mediated T cell rejuvenation
.
Cell
.
2017
;
170
(
1
):
142
-
157.e19
.
83.
Stephen
TL
,
Payne
KK
,
Chaurio
RA
, et al
.
SATB1 expression governs epigenetic repression of PD-1 in tumor-reactive T cells
.
Immunity
.
2017
;
46
(
1
):
51
-
64
.
84.
Dogra
P
,
Ghoneim
HE
,
Abdelsamed
HA
,
Youngblood
B
.
Generating long-lived CD8(+) T-cell memory: insights from epigenetic programs
.
Eur J Immunol
.
2016
;
46
(
7
):
1548
-
1562
.
85.
Xia
M
,
Wang
B
,
Wang
Z
,
Zhang
X
,
Wang
X
.
Epigenetic regulation of NK cell-mediated antitumor immunity
.
Front Immunol
.
2021
;
12
:
672328
.
86.
Sahakian
E
,
Powers
JJ
,
Chen
J
, et al
.
Histone deacetylase 11: a novel epigenetic regulator of myeloid derived suppressor cell expansion and function
.
Mol Immunol
.
2015
;
63
(
2
):
579
-
585
.
87.
Youn
JI
,
Kumar
V
,
Collazo
M
, et al
.
Epigenetic silencing of retinoblastoma gene regulates pathologic differentiation of myeloid cells in cancer
.
Nat Immunol
.
2013
;
14
(
3
):
211
-
220
.
88.
Kittan
NA
,
Allen
RM
,
Dhaliwal
A
, et al
.
Cytokine induced phenotypic and epigenetic signatures are key to establishing specific macrophage phenotypes
.
PLoS One
.
2013
;
8
(
10
):
e78045
.
89.
Albrengues
J
,
Bertero
T
,
Grasset
E
, et al
.
Epigenetic switch drives the conversion of fibroblasts into proinvasive cancer-associated fibroblasts
.
Nat Commun
.
2015
;
6
:
10204
.
90.
Abhimanyu
,
Ontiveros
CO
,
Guerra-Resendez
RS
, et al
.
Reversing post-infectious epigenetic-mediated immune suppression
.
Front Immunol
.
2021
;
12
:
688132
.
91.
Zhang
MC
,
Fang
Y
,
Xu
PP
, et al
.
Clinical efficacy and tumour microenvironment influence of decitabine plus R-CHOP in patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma: Phase 1/2 and biomarker study
.
Clin Transl Med
.
2021
;
11
(
12
):
e584
.
92.
Revuelta
M
,
Cerchietti
L
. Epigenetic priming—fact or falacy?. In:
Gray
SG
, eds.
Epigenetic Cancer Therapy
. 2nd ed..
Academic Press
;
2023
:
675
-
685
.
93.
Zhu
S
,
Gokhale
S
,
Jung
J
, et al
.
Multifaceted immunomodulatory effects of the BTK inhibitors ibrutinib and acalabrutinib on different immune cell subsets - beyond B lymphocytes
.
Front Cell Dev Biol
.
2021
;
9
:
727531
.
94.
Chiu
H
,
Trisal
P
,
Bjorklund
C
, et al
.
Combination lenalidomide-rituximab immunotherapy activates anti-tumour immunity and induces tumour cell death by complementary mechanisms of action in follicular lymphoma
.
Br J Haematol
.
2019
;
185
(
2
):
240
-
253
.
95.
Apollonio
B
,
Spada
F
,
Petrov
N
, et al
.
Tumor-activated lymph node fibroblasts suppress T cell function in diffuse large B cell lymphoma
.
J Clin Invest
.
2023
;
133
(
13
):
e166070
.
96.
Xu-Monette
ZY
,
Li
Y
,
Snyder
T
, et al
.
Tumor-infiltrating normal B cells revealed by immunoglobulin repertoire clonotype analysis are highly prognostic and crucial for antitumor immune responses in DLBCL
.
Clin Cancer Res
.
2023
;
29
(
23
):
4808
-
4821
.
You do not currently have access to this content.
Sign in via your Institution